Vitamins & minerals
Sodium
Names you may see: electrolyte sodium chloride sodium citrate salt hydration
The quick take
Sodium is an electrolyte involved in fluid balance and normal nerve and muscle function.
A closer look
What forms will I see on a label?
Hydration formulas may contain sodium chloride or sodium citrate. Compare the sodium amount per prepared serving, rather than the weight of salt.
Why people use it
People use sodium-containing drinks to replace sweat losses during prolonged or demanding exercise, particularly in the heat.
These are common goals and marketing uses. The evidence section below explains what research supports.
What does the evidence tell us?
Fluid and sodium needs vary with sweat losses, duration and conditions. Extra sodium is not necessary for every workout, and it does not make excessive fluid intake safe.
What should I know before using it?
Follow individual advice if you have a sodium restriction, high blood pressure, heart disease or kidney disease. Avoid forcing large amounts of fluid during exercise.
Sources & further reading
National Athletic Trainers’ Association — hydration position statement (PDF) ↗
Content reviewed: September 30, 2026
General educational information. Follow the product label and seek individual advice when needed.